A Survey of Syntactic Analysis Procedures for Natural Language (Classic Reprint)

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Excerpt from A Survey of Syntactic Analysis Procedures for Natural Language The Computer Science Department of New York University, under contract to the Office of Naval Research, has prepared a series of reports examining selected areas of artificial intelligence. We hope in these critical surveys to place in perspective the main lines of past research and thereby perhaps to suggest fruitful directions for future work. As part of these surveys we have prepared precise specifications, in the programming language SETL, of some of the basic algorithms in each area. These specifications are intended to provide clear points of reference for structuring our review of past work. This first report is concerned with natural language processing systems, systems which are able to accept instructions or data in natural language. In very general terms, these systems process the text through several stages: (1) syntactic: analyzes the structure of each sentence (or other text unit) and rearranges the elements of the sentence to simplify its structures, this stage should recognize paraphrases due to alternative arrangements of words in a sentence (2) semantic: restructures the sentences into the form used for internal processing, such as inference or data retrieval, depending on the application, the output may be a command in an information retrieval language, a structure based on some set of semantic "primitives", or a tabular structure suitable as a data base, this stage should recognize some of the paraphrases due to alternative choices of words. (3) pragmatic: interprets the text based on particular context (problem situation or data base), this stage should recognize sentences which are equivalent in effect (such as "Throw that switch." and "Turn on the light."). The reader will note that these stages are very vaguely characterized. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully, any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.