Bionanocatalysis: From Design to Applications

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Biocatalysis has emerged as a sustainable technique, to synthesize valuable commodity chemicals, with wide application in various industrial domains, such as in agriculture, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, biofuels, biosensors, biofuel cells, biochemicals, and foods. The synergistic integration of bio-catalysis engineering with nanostructured materials, as unique multifunctional carrier matrices, has emerged as a new interface of nano-biocatalysis (NBC). It offers significant considerations for expanding the design and fabrication of robust catalysts at nanoscale, with improved catalytic characteristics for multipurpose bioprocessing applications, expanding the range of applications of immobilized enzymes to any substrate, eg, a solid substrate, or reactions media, eg, a suspension. In addition, nanostructured materials with unique structural, physical, chemical, and functional entities can be designed to mimic the enzyme micro-environment. A fine-tuned enzyme micro-environment offers the possibility of improving enzyme chemo- regio- and stereo- selectivity and specificity. The use of magnetic nanoparticles to immobilize enzymes allows the local control of temperature, isolating medium and biocatalyst temperatures. This book discusses recent advances in nano-biocatalysis, fundamental design concepts, and their applications in a variety of industry sectors. Strategies for immobilizing enzymes onto nanocarriers, made from polymers, silicas, carbons, and metals, by physical adsorption, covalent binding, cross-linking, or specific ligand spacers, are also discussed, as are the advantages, problems, and solutions, derived from the use of non-porous nanomaterials for enzyme immobilization. This is an important reference source for materials scientists and chemical engineers who would like to learn more about how nanobiocatalysts are designed and used.