EXPLORATION SCIENCE

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1. Exploration Science The first book of 8 in the series Adventures in Earth Science. This book introduces the science of geology as the study of the surface and sub-surface of the Earth. It explains how geology is one of the earth sciences and lists several of the sub-branches of geology, including mineralogy, petrology (rocks), palaeontology (fossils), geochemistry, seismology (earthquakes), engineering geology, and many more. The scientific method used by all scientists as well as geologists, is explained, and its philosophy of investigation by observation and experimentation with deductive reasoning is outlined. The need for measurement and data collection is illustrated by the use of units of measurement, scientific notation and general application of the metric system. Accuracy, validity and reliability of measurement and observation are also detailed. Considerable practical information about researching outdoors in the field is provided and supported by some skill videos. The latter part of the book details the need for and the application of geological mapping, beginning with an overview of simple survey maps used to traverse the land and continuing with the necessary skills in making and interpreting maps showing geological detail.