Impact of Diet and Exercise in Preventing Complication of Diabetes

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INTRODUCTION Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease where the blood in the body contains a high sugar level. This disease is caused by the body's inability to use insulin properly, or the inability to manufacture insulin altogether. There are times when it can be caused by both factors. "Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness, kidney failure, and leg amputations. In fact, it is the third leading cause of death in the United States." (Magee, 1999 p. 2) When you eat a meal, your body begins the digestion process. The food breaks down and enters the bloodstream in the form of sugars. Once the sugars are circulating in your blood, the cells need to be able to admit the sugar. A hormone called insulin is the factor that makes this possible. Once the insulin lets the sugar into the cells, it is used to produce energy. Diabetes, the sixth leading cause of death in the world, is a chronic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels). If Left untreated, diabetes can cause serious complications affecting the circulatory and nervous systems, kidneys, eyes, and feet. 1.1 Diabetes Mellitus ¿ The name "diabetes mellitus means sweet urine. ¿ It stems from ancient times when physicians would taste a patient's urine as a part of a diagnosis,