Oriental Trade and the Rise of the Lombard Communes (Classic Reprint)

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Excerpt from Oriental Trade and the Rise of the Lombard CommunesIT requires something of boldness to re0pen the old con troversy as to the rise of the Lombard communes. Many able historians have dealt with the problem, and it would seem probable that what is worth saying has already been said. Yet no one who has followed the course of the discussion can leave the subject Without a certain feeling of dissatisfaction, a cer tain questioning as to whether, after all, he has really reached the root of the matter. In the past fifty years there has been a gradual change of front on the part of students of mediaeval communal movements, not only in Italy, but in all parts of Western Europe as well. The old issue between the Opposing advocates of the Teutonic and the Roman theories has slowly been relegated to a position of secondary importance, and an ever-increasing emphasis has been laid upon the economic forces which lay at the back of the movement. The origin of towns, their growth in power, the organizing of the citizens into gilds, their gradual assumption of control, and the slow development of the independent commune have been shown to rest upon something far more real and solid than either Roman or Teutonic in¿uence or inheritance. This inheritance at best furnishes explanation only of local differentiation: the really fundamental causes of the phenomena are largely economic.About the PublisherForgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.comThis book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully, any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.