Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions

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The problems related to the process of industrialisation such as biodiversity depletion, climate change and a worsening of health and living conditions, especially but not only in developing countries, intensify. Therefore, there is an increasing need to search for integrated solutions to make development more sustainable. The United Nations has acknowledged the problem and approved the "2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development". On 1st January 2016, the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the Agenda officially came into force. These goals cover the three dimensions of sustainable development: economic growth, social inclusion and environmental protection. The Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals comprehensively addresses the SDGs in an integrated way. The Encyclopedia encompasses 17 volumes, each one devoted to one of the 17 SDGs. This volume addresses SDG 16, namely "Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels" and contains the description of a range of terms, which allows a better understanding and fosters knowledge. Concretely, the defined targets are:Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhereEnd abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of childrenPromote the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure equal access to justice for allSignificantly reduce illicit financial and arms flows, strengthen the recovery and return of stolen assets and combat all forms of organized crimeSubstantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their formsDevelop effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levelsEnsure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decisionmaking at all levels Broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the institutions of global governanceProvide legal identity for all, including birth registration Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national legislation and international agreements Strengthen relevant national institutions, including through international cooperation, for building capacity at all levels, in particular in developing countries, to prevent violence and combat terrorism and crimePromote and enforce non-discriminatory laws and policies for sustainable development