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Sermons
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Excerpt from Sermons: A Paper Read at the Church Congress, Brighton, October, 1901
I know that it is maintained that written sermons are commonly so ill-read as to be ineffective, whereas extempore preaching better arrests and holds attention. It may be so, though I confess that, for my part, the defects of both modes of preaching seem to be roughly equal. If the read sermon is m0notonous - the extempore discourse is as often noisy, if the 'one is sometimes inaudible, the other is occasionally offensive. Burnet's counsel is sound, though he inclines too much to extempore preaching The great rule' which the masters of rhetoric press much can never be enough remembered, that to make a man speak well and pronounce with a right emphasis, he ought thoroughly to understand all that he says, be fully persuaded of it, and bring himself to have those affections which he desires to' infuse into others. And, therefore, such as read their sermons ought to practise reading much in private and read aloud, that so their own ear and sense may guide them to know where to raise or quicken, soften or sweeten their voice, and when to give an articulation of authority or of conviction, where to pause and where to languish. Those who read ought certainly to be at a little more pains than for the most part they are to read true, to pronounce with an emphasis, and to raise their heads and to direct their eyes to their hearers, and if they practised more alone the just way of reading, they might deliver their sermons with much more advantage Pas toral Care, c.
Even more important than the delivery is the composition of sermons. Dr. Johnson observed that the established clergy in general did not preach plain enough, and that polished periods and glittering Sentences ¿ew over the heads of the common people without any impression upon their hearts Works, 268, ed. Birrell).
Dean Swift, in his incomparable Letter to a Young Gentleman lately entered into Holy Orders dwells on the frequent use of obscure terms, which by the women are called hard words, and by the better sort of vulgar fine language, than which I'do not know a more universal, inexcusable and unnecessary mistake among the clergy of all distinctions, but especially the younger practitioners. His remedy, perhaps, is even yet worth considering I believe themethod observed by the famous Lord Falkland in some of his writings would not be an ill one for young divines. I was assured by an old person of quality who knew him well that when be doubted whether a word were perfectly intelligible or no, he used to consult one of his Lady's chambermaids (not the waiting-woman, because it was possible she might be conversant in romances), and by her judgment was guided whether to receive or reject it. And if that great person thought such a caution necessary in treatises offered to the learned world, it will be sure at least as proper in sermons, where the meanest hearer is supposed to be concerned, and where very often a lady's chambermaid may be allowed to equal half the con gregation, both as to quality and understanding Works, Vol. I., p. 233, Dublin.
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